Wine list of Catalonia. Catalonia is the wine region of Spain: Wines of Catalonia What wine to buy in Catalonia

First, some statistics that will show us the complexity of the issue.
So, Spain is the country with the largest number of vineyards on the planet. 15% of all the world's vineyards are located here. Spain ranks third in the world in wine production, behind only France and Italy. In Spain there are more than a hundred certified wine regions, in which several tens of thousands of wine producers produce hundreds of thousands of brands of this drink. And how can you figure out all this diversity, how to choose exactly what will give you pleasure personally, while still leaving some money in your wallet for a snack? Here's some information that should help you with this.

General facts
Spain produces white, red and rosé wines, but it is Spanish red wines that are considered some of the best in the world. They tend to be quite dense, aromatic, full-bodied, with a balance of fruit and oak notes.
You won't actually find semi-dry or semi-sweet wines in Spain. Almost all wines are dry by default, with the exception of dessert wines (Vino de postre, vino dulce, vino de licor), which, on the contrary, are very sweet. Nothing in between. By the way, sweet wines in Spain are very good, especially if you drink them wisely: after lunch or dinner, in small quantities with dessert.
Most Spanish supermarkets stock only products from large manufacturers in the low and middle price categories. For good wines from small family wineries, you either need to go to a specialty store (enoteca) or go directly to the winery.
When choosing wine in a supermarket, you can start from the price tag. In the price category of 2-4 euros they sell simple table wines, which you can easily wash down with lunch without expecting anything special from them; 5-10 euros is the range for “dinner” wine of higher quality; from 10 euros onwards wines begin, which you can already taste and look for different notes and shades of taste and aroma.

Classification of Spanish wines. What to look for on the label?
When buying wine, try to give priority to the one that has magical abbreviations on the label DO or DOCа (DOQ). This indicates that the wine was made in one of the regions with certified confirmation of quality and origin. There are exactly two regions with the highest DOC certification (DOQ) - Rioja and Priorat.
If you prefer aged wines, look for the words Crianza, Reserva or Gran Reserva, these indicate that the wine has spent anywhere from 6 months to a year and a half or more in a barrel.

Main wine producing areas of Spain

Rioja (DOCa RIOJA)
Wines from Rioja are perhaps the most famous Spanish wines both within the country and abroad. The main pride of Rioja is its aged red wines made from the Tempranillo grape variety. Rioja can be found in a large assortment in any supermarket in Spain, prices start from 2 euros per bottle, and for 6-8 euros you can buy quite good wine.

Priorat (DOQ PRIORAT)
A wine-growing region in Catalonia, which in recent years has literally burst into the world elite. Here, too, they make mostly red wines, but of a completely different type than in Rioja - more tart and rich, with character, not over-aged in the barrel and retaining a powerful fruity aroma. Exactly at Priory make the most iconic wines of Spain - for example, Ermita Alvaro Palacios (L "Ermita, from 1000 euros per bottle). The two main grape varieties are Garnatxa and Carinyena.

A good budget alternative to wines from Priorat can be products from a neighboring region DO MONTSANT, which was recently recognized as the best in Spain in terms of price-quality ratio.

Ribera del Duero (DO RIBERA DEL DUERO)
Another region famous for its red wines. Although Ribera does not have DOCa status, in a number of indicators the region is superior to the more titled Rioja. The family silver of Ribera del Duero is the bodega Vega Sicilia, which is one of the legends of Spanish winemaking.

Kava (DO CAVA)
The famous Catalan champagne, produced almost entirely in the region Penedes near Barcelona. The traditional Champanoise method, combined with local soils and climate conditions, have made Cava the most exported sparkling wine in the world. The main reason is the price: cava is several times cheaper than champagne of similar quality from France.

Sherry (DO JEREZ)
A cult fortified wine produced in the very south of Spain, in Andalusia.

Albariño, DO RIAS BAIXAS
For lovers of white wines, we recommend products from this particular Galician region made from the Albariño grape variety. Fresh, fruity wines with floral notes are the perfect drink for a hot Spanish summer day.

In addition to the appellations listed above, in Barcelona you can find wines from Catalan wine regions such as Terra Alta (DO TERRA ALTA), Costers del Segre (DO COSTERS DEL SEGRE), Ampurdan (DO EMPORDÀ)- all of them are also worth tasting on occasion.

Finally, we would like to note that Sangria, which many also consider to be a type of wine, is not one - it is rather a wine cocktail made from table wine infused with fruit with the addition of sugar, lemonade and strong alcohol.

A great way to get closer to the world of winemaking and feel its unique atmosphere is to visit a small family winery in one of the wine regions of Catalonia, where the owners themselves will show and tell you what and how good wine is made. Well, they’ll give you a try, of course! Details here.

The revolution in modern Spanish winemaking began in Catalonia, the most northeastern region of Spain. At its origins was Miguel Torres from Penedès, who presented a number of highly interesting wines created in the style of new trends to the French Gault-Millau Wine Olympics. As a result, in an atmosphere that mixed mistrust and unbridled enthusiasm, a group of 27 Frenchmen and only two Spaniards unanimously recognized the 1970 Torres Gran Coronas Black Label as the best wine in the prestigious cabernet category, giving it preference over the selected wines presented from Bordeaux . Thanks to the resounding success of Torres, Catalonia and the rest of Spain followed him.

The changes were dramatic, and they occurred over the next decade and a half. Torres's name and the direction he took influenced the company's marketing efforts in Chile, and this unexpectedly pointed the way forward for the Chileans as well. However, I have my doubts about Catalonia. Somehow the revolution doesn't live up to expectations. I would not like to be disappointed in Catalonia - I have been singing the praises of Torres wines for many years - and yet now they seem less interesting than they could be.

Perhaps the fact is that Catalonia still remains thoroughly permeated with a feudal spirit. This is an area of ​​small peasant farms that produce unleavened grapes for cheap sparkling and table wines. If Catalonia intends to become an area where innovation is widely and truly implemented, then it should pay attention to the numerous private producers who give preference to quality.

The Costers del Segre DO area was created to facilitate the extensive activities of the Raimat company to the west of Lleida. The Raimath vineyards are officially classified as experimental, and it is difficult to understand how these vineyards, dry and sweltering in summer and freezing in winter, will manage without irrigation. The grape varieties here are a mix of climate-resistant Spanish varieties like Tempranillo, Parellada and Macabeo, along with international stars like Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Chardonnay and Pinot Noir. .

The innovations have not spared tiny Alella, which is compensating for the increased population outflow to the cities by changing the style of white wines: from sweet and barrel-aged to young, energetic and fresh. Worth noting here are the Marques de Alella, wines with nutty and apricot tones, not entirely dry and very good. Similar changes were taking place in Ampurdan-Costa Brava, close to the French border. Once upon a time, the main style of wine here was heavy, in the style of "rancio", "garnacha"; now, in addition to many inexpressive rosés, there are a certain number of decent ones, in the new Vi Novell style. Not stunning, of course, but this is a sign that the region has finally realized that the Costa Brava with crowds of tourists is very close.

Another legendary DO region of Catalonia is Priorato. The wine from this area remains unusual, dark and unchanged over time. It has a minimum alcohol content of 13.5 percent, high by any standard, and the wines from low-yielding vines are extremely concentrated. Top producers: Clos Erasmus, Clos Martinet, Clos Mogodor and Scala Dei. In Teppa Alta and Tarragona, sweet fortified wines are gradually giving way to light, dry wines. Tarragona sells most of its wine in bulk for blending or processing into sparkling cava. Conca de Barbera also produces many of the main wines for sparkling wine factories. Although Torres' tentacles have also reached here - the company has vineyards here with Chardonnay, Pinot Noir and Cabernet.

Let's move to Penedes. Thanks to Torres, this is one of the first places in Spain to implement the concept of stainless steel and cold fermentation that has since taken over the entire country. Torres was one of the first to plant international grape varieties and crossbreed them with local grapes. Penedès still produces more varieties of vines than most areas of Spain. In the warm coastal region, hot-climate varieties like Monastrella or Garnacha grow, and the wines tend to become run-of-the-mill and largely heavy. Continuing deeper and higher towards Copper Penedès, you come across vineyards with Macabeo, Xarello and Parellada, dedicated to extensive Cava production. There is also Cabernet and Tempranillo. Further inland, the terrain rises in Penedès Superior, with temperatures dropping enough to grow Parellada, Chardonnay, Riesling and even Gewürztraminer varieties. Top producers: Rene Barbier, Can Rifols dels Caus, Cavas Hill, Ferret i Mateu, Jean Leon, Masfa Bach, Mont Marcal, Jaume Serra, Torres and Vallformosa.

What do I think about kava? I've always been wary of this fizzy drink. Too often it could taste like roots, it could age prematurely. But among cava there are now many good wines, and more than there used to be. The use of Chardonnay has had good results to add some style to local grape varieties, usually used in a blend of the above mentioned grapes. Macabeo adds acidity and a little flavor; "xarello" gives earthiness and alcohol, while "parellada" gives a certain floral undertone. The best producers: Cavas Hill, Codornfu, Conde de Caralt, Juve y Camps, Marques de Monistrol, Mont Marcal, Raimat, Rovellats, Segura Viudas. Kava should be drunk young. Although it is made using the Champagne method, this wine is not aged like Champagne. Cava can be produced in different places in Spain - there are 159 villages licensed to produce it - but most come from Catalonia.

CLASSIFICATION

Catalonia has the most varied winemaking in Spain, with a large number of DO wines as well as sparkling cava. Many of the most interesting still wines these days are produced outside the DO rules.

ORGANIZATION

In most of Catalonia, cooperatives play a primary role. If Catalonia is to progress qualitatively, it needs even more enterprising small-scale winegrowers.

READING THE LABEL

Some of the best Catalan wines are not DO wines and may indicate the grape variety or style of wine on their labels. Sparkling cavas are labeled according to their sugar content, ranging from Brut (Brut Nature or Brut), then dry (Seco), semi-dry (Semi-seco) and semi-sweet (Semi-dulce) to very rich sweet (Dulce). Tarragona and Priorato still produce small amounts of ramio type wine - sweet and highly oxidized.

ABOUT TASTE

The bouquets of Catalan wines vary enormously - from sharp, fresh whites and expressive reds aged in oak barrels to the traditional sweet Moscatel aromas of old Sitges and Tarragona. Some of the flavors are familiar - for example, young oak vanilla mixed with nutty, tropical fruity aroma Chardonnay or the bold, blackcurrant-flavored Cabernet Sauvignon, but some of the most original wines are those that blend Spanish grapes with more international varieties. The Torres company has gotten good at this: for example, its Gran Vina Sol Green Label mixes Parellada with Sauvignon Blanc. Kava becomes more and more fresh. Don't expect a bready champagne note: instead, taste a fresh, sketchy, dry fruity aroma, but be prepared for a rooty taste that lingers too long. The best cava almost always contains chardonnay.

GOOD YEARS

In Catalonia there are no significant climate fluctuations that affect the quality of the grape harvest. Differences in harvest years mainly affect red wines, especially those whose grapes are harvested in cooler areas and whose producers strive for greater finesse. In general, red wines age quite well, while white wines almost always do better when they are young. Very good wines were produced in 1998, 1997, 1996 and 1995, the best of which age well; other successful years were 1991 and 1990.

HOW TO DRINK THEM?

Catalan white wines produced by modern winemakers such as Torres or Marques de Alella can rank among the best aperitif wines in Spain due to their fresh, fruity aroma. The local cuisine is more interesting than in much of Spain, thanks in part to Catalonia's cosmopolitan outlook. Red wines are particularly good with local smoked ham, butifarra sausages, poultry and game casseroles and herbed grilled meats. Most white wines pair well with abundant local seafood. Cava is best served as an aperitif.

Catalan reds typically have a rich, fruity aroma, while whites range from dry and crisp to a noble, oaky Chardonnay. Cava wines are often not particularly refined.

INFORMATION FOR BUYER

WHAT AM I PAYING FOR?

Wines from the best producers of north-east Spain are not cheap. The constant rise in prices in Rioja has made these wines not as profitable to buy as they once were. Penedes producers also do not see why they should offer their products at bargain prices, since the quality of their wines is often high. In northeastern Spain it is important to find good producers, since the level of quality of wine is not the same everywhere. The best areas to look for in terms of a good purchase are Priorato and Costers del Segre, both in Catalonia. Young, unoaked red wines from Rioja can also be a good buy.

AVAILABILITY

For basic wines - very good. Rioja is the talk of the town in many countries because it brilliantly filled a quality niche when prices for Bordeaux and Burgundy rose like crazy in the 1970s. Gran Reservas are difficult to find, but many stores stock Crianza and Reserva wines.

Cava is not difficult to find, and Penedes's other still wines are widely sold, especially those from Torres, although the distribution of their higher-end brands is much more limited. Raimat wines are not that difficult to find. Other Catalan wines are exported in much smaller quantities, although the selection is constantly improving.

USEFUL INFORMATION

Milmanda Chardonnay 1998 (“Torres”) quality 9*, price 9*, value 9*.

Good years: Most wines from northeast Spain are sold ready to drink. Dependence on the year of harvest is more common in Rioja than in most of Catalonia. Best years: 1998, 1997, 1996 1995, 1994 1991, 1990.

Notes on taste: Rioja is usually associated with soft, vanilla-flavored red wines, although there are also fresh young reds and bouncy whites.

The wine region of Tarragona is famous for its aromatic white wines, although it was once the other way around - sweet red wines were more popular. Everyone also knows that the best communion wines are produced here.

D.O. Tarragona is located in the southern part of the province of Tarragona. Vineyards grow along the entire coastline to the border with the province of Leida.

Regulatory Council
Avda. Cataluña
977217931
[email protected]
www.dotarragona.cat

Climate

The climate here is Mediterranean, but in the upper zones of the Ebro River valley it is more like a continental one. The annual precipitation ranges from 475 to 650 mm. The average annual temperature is 16°C. Frosts and snow are very rare here. Very dry summer.

The soil

The vineyards are located at an altitude of 200 to 1000 meters above sea level. Soil with a significant limestone content is most often alluvial.

Varieties of grapes

• White: Garnacha blanca, Macabeu, Malvasía, Moscatel de Alejandría, Subirat Parent, Parellada, Xarel lo, Chardonnay, Sauvignon blanc.
• Red: Garnacha, Samso o Cariñena, Sumoll, Tempranillo, Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Pinot noir, Syrah

Tarragona Classico is a type of Tarragona liqueur wine, which is made from Garnacha grapes and aged in oak barrels for at least 12 years. The best red wines always contain more Tempranillo grapes (up to 100%), because this grape is very suitable for aging in oak barrels.

Production process

The grape harvest begins in the first week of September. The wine production process uses traditional technologies: first, the grapes are simmered in the sun, and then aged for 4 years in oak barrels. Tarragona Classico is a wine made from very ripe grapes that is aged until it reaches 17% alcohol. Sometimes the "solera" system is used.
More than 70% of the production is white wine with a pronounced Mediterranean taste, moderate degree, straw color and aromatic, tasty herbaceous aroma. Red wines have a rich texture, aromatic aroma and elegant, moderate acidity.

Bodega

DE MULLER

Camí Pedra Estela, 34
977 75 74 73
[email protected]
www.demuller.es

COOPERATIVA A.S.I. DE NULLES

Estacio s/n
977 602 125
[email protected]
www.casinulles.com

BODEGAS JOSEP M. BACH VOLTAS I FILLS

Joan Oliver, 16-24
977 330 054
[email protected]
www.unio.coop

Spain became famous for its wines back in the days of the ancient Romans, and today it is one of the three main world wine suppliers - along with France and Italy. Russian tourists know sherry, malaga, and sangria very well. But the noble wines of Catalonia from the Priorat and Penedes regions are not yet familiar to everyone. In the wine supermarkets of Barcelona, ​​Tarragona, Girona, the eyes run wild, because the shelves with wines go almost endlessly. Our wine cheat sheet will help you choose: what to try on vacation, what to bring home, what to give to friends and relatives.

Wine phrasebook

The first thing a tourist planning to visit Catalonia should learn is the magic words DO (Denominación de Origen) And D.O.Ca (Denominación de Origen Calificada, also found DOC And DOQ). The first means wines with a denomination of origin, and the second means wines with a well-deserved denomination of origin, of higher quality. In other words, these are wines produced in specific wine regions. There are only two DO.Ca regions in Spain - Rioja and Priorat, and the second is located in Catalonia. Another famous Catalan wine region is Penedés, which gave the world such famous brands, like Torres, Codorníu and Freixenet. On wine shelves in supermarkets and on bottle labels it is usually marked as follows: D.O.Ca.Rioja,D.O.Ca. Priorat, DO Penedes.

The wine regions of Catalonia Alella, Tarragona, Montsant are also worth attention, but are not highly valued. But it is worth noting other Spanish regions, wine from which can be bought in Catalonia:

• La Rioja
• Rías Baixas (Galicia),
• Ribera del Duero (Castile and Leon),
• Toro (Castile and Leon)
• Jerez (Andalusia),
• Malaga (Andalusia)
• Jumilla (Murcia).

The second important word on the label is the age of the wine. The price of wine, of course, increases with aging.

• Crianza: aging for at least two years, of which at least 6 months in oak barrel. If it is white or rose wine, then the aging is a little less, a year in total.
• Reserva: aging for at least three years, of which at least a year in barrel; for kava - 15 months.
• GranReserva: aging for at least five years, of which 1.5 years in oak barrel; for kava - 30 months.

On new wine, look for the words: vinojoven or sincrianza.

And the third thing you should pay attention to is the grape variety from which the wine is made. On the labels you can find the familiar red varieties Cabernet, Merlot, Pinot Noir and white varieties: Chardonnay, Sauvignon. People who have never met before may also meet:

• Syrah(Shiraz) - red and rose wines: dark, densely colored, with different berry notes depending on the region of ripening;
• Garnacha(Grenache) - red and rosé wines: less intense color and more intense aroma. Grenache rosé is especially good, with a light, fruity flavor.
• Viura(Viura), also called Macabeo - white wines: a grape variety characteristic of Catalonia. It is used to make white Rioja and Cava.

It is difficult to confuse red with white and rose wine on store shelves, but if you need to ask the seller or look for a sign with your eyes, remember: red wine in Spanish - tinto, white - blanco, and pink - rosado.

The art of tasting

Any Catalan resort, even a small one like Santa Susanna, must have a wine supermarket or cellar. Here you can buy wine not only in bottles, but also on tap from large wooden barrels- at least a liter, at least five liters per big company. However, an acquaintance with traditional Catalan wine should be arranged solemnly so that it is remembered for a long time. Then, in the future, every time you feel a familiar taste on your tongue, you will immediately remember the most beautiful views, lush vineyards, the sounds of the Spanish rumba or the flashing of colorful skirts to the rhythms of flamenco.

The process of wine tasting in Catalonia is also unusual. There is a good chance that the drink will be served to you in a special vessel called a porrón. This is a transparent glass decanter, slightly curved, with a long spout on the side. You are supposed to drink from the porrón without touching your lips to the spout, but by directing the stream from it into your mouth: not an easy task for a beginner! British writer George Orwell, author of the dystopias Animal Farm and 1984, writes with humor about his acquaintance with this Catalan tradition: “We drank from a terrible thing - a porron. Porron is something like glass bottle with a narrow neck, from which wine flowed in a strong stream when it was tilted. You can drink from the porron at a distance, without bringing the neck to your lips, passing it around. But for the first time I saw the porron in action, I went on strike and demanded a mug."(documentary story “In Memory of Catalonia”).

Spain is much larger than Madrid and much more diverse than the southern Mediterranean beaches. Connoisseurs of Spanish national culture and seasonal tourism have long been in the habit of traveling to Spain in late autumn, when elite grape varieties ripen in the vast Catalan and Castilian grape fields, and wine cellars are filled with barrels of the precious drink.

Wine "accents" of Catalonia

The wines of Catalonia are not even completely Spanish, they are Catalan wines that have their own distinct “mood” and a noble, soft taste. When going on a tasting of Catalan wines, avoid the capital of the province, Barcelona, ​​without regret: you can study it at any time, and it has little to do with a wine tour. All the best Catalan wineries ( butegs) are scattered in small towns of four regions of the province - Tarragona, Barcelona, ​​Lleida And Gerona.

This is where you will find many old wineries with a 200-year history, producing 12 exclusive varieties of wine that cannot be found anywhere else. This:

• Alella;
• Ampurdan-Costa Brava;
• Cava;
• Catalunya;
• Conca de Barbera;
• Costers del Segre;
• Montsant;
• Penedes;
• Pla de Bages;
• Priorato;
• Tarragona;
• Terra Alta.

They are produced from the best varieties of Spanish grapes:

• Charello;
• Macabeo;
• Parillades;
• Ganchars;
• Cariñena;
• Tempranillo ;
• Chardonnay;
• Cabernet Sauvignon;
• Picpulya;
• Merlot;
• Malvasia.

Some wineries appeared here during the times of ancient Greece and the rule of Rome. So, for example, butegs Tarragona And Penedes Grape varieties that were popular more than 2 thousand years ago are still grown. Some Catalan wineries have Catholic monks of the Middle Ages to thank. For example, they still make their own wines using their technology. Conca de BarberaAndPriorato.

As in France, many of Catalonia's wineries are family-run and date back over 200 years, blending French and Spanish roots and producing their wines according to old recipes, developed by their distant ancestors. Most technical operations are carried out manually, and barrels of wine are “aged” in cellars for at least 3-5 years. Afterwards they are carefully bottled, which are assigned serial numbers, and the wine is sent to best restaurants and wine boutiques of the world. To get into such cellars for a tasting is truly a high honor and an indicator of trust in guests.

The proximity of France makes Catalan wines somewhat similar to the drinks of French Roussillon. However, the hot climate of Catalonia makes them softer and more aromatic. Of particular interest to real gourmets should be the young summer rosé wines of Costa Brava and Conca de Barbera, as well as the famous Spanish Cava- a very competitive analogue of French champagne with a refined taste. This wine is prepared using a completely unique technology (secondary fermentation, sediment extraction and blending).

The territory of Catalonia is not too large, and you can visit all the wineries in the province in 2 days. However, don’t expect to quickly become acquainted with all the brands - 12 bottles produce an incredible number of wines, and in order to try them all, you will need at least a year!

"Capital" of Catalan wine

Surprisingly, wine capital Catalonia is considered Penedes- a small town on the Mediterranean coast, surrounded by giant vineyards. The climate in this area is the mildest, and the sun shines here 360 ​​days a year - so the vine grows at the speed of vines and bamboo. It is in Penedes that the Spanish variety of famous wine varieties “Cabernet”, “ Pinot Noir», « Sauvignon», « Chardonnay" And " Riesling”, which can compete with any vintage French wine and do not return from any wine exhibition without awards.

During antiquity, the Greeks and Babylonians began to develop a winemaking culture here, and many Roman senators were proud of their vineyards on Penedes, which the Roman historian Pliny once mentioned in his writings.

The rule of the Arabs for many centuries practically destroyed the wine-making culture of the Spanish south, but gave the world the art of distillation, on the basis of which the Spaniards began to produce their great brandy.

Penedes' reputation as a wine-producing paradise was restored by the aphid epidemic that struck France in the mid-19th century. Then it destroyed almost all grape plantations. Many French winemakers moved to Catalonia and began to create wine business"from scratch". By the end of the 80s. XIX century Spanish velvety wines from the best Cabernet Sauvignon grape varieties have once again thundered throughout Europe.

In Penedes you can thoroughly study the technology of preparing the famous Spanish “cava”. She's going through the process secondary fermentation in bottles. Cava was first prepared here in the late 80s. XIX century from Chardonnay grapes, which have taken root well in Catalonia. Young white wine was usually mixed and bottled, which were then stored in dark cellars from 9 months to 3-4 years, after which the sediment that accumulated at the neck of the bottle was removed and a secondary capping was carried out.

By the way, after the decline of the French Champagne plantations at the beginning of the 19th century. Sparkling wines of Spain successfully replaced champagne on the table of French kings. Since then, the French and Spanish have been in constant competition for the sparkling wine market, and Penedès has become the center of Spanish production of the best varieties of cava.

It is very important to understand what kind of wine you are offered to try. Spanish wines have a clear classification. If you are offered a bottle marked D.O. WITH.(Demonication de Origen Calificada) - this means that this is a wine from one of 12 exclusive Catalan brands of the highest category. Vintage wines of regional standard ( D.O.) are almost as good as elite brands, and wines with the brand Vino de Messa- These are mixed table wines from unqualified vineyards. Finally, Vino de la Tierra- these are original local wines that you will never find outside of Spain.

Any of the wines in this classification is a high-class wine that you may have never tried and are unlikely to try anywhere else in a similar environment and for such a price. The exception is perhaps Vino Comarsal- declassed brands of wines, considered “defective” by international standards due to poor harvests or non-compliance with production standards.

In any case, don’t be confused - wines in Catalonia are produced with respect for the consumer and in order to drink them!